Pregnancy complicated by Factor XII deficiency: a case report and literature review.
Yunyi Su, XueMei Wu, Xian Wu et al.
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Case in brief
A 27-year-old primigravida was found to have severe factor XII deficiency on routine prenatal screening. At 38 +5 weeks, she presented with vaginal spotting and spontaneous rupture of membranes. A multidisciplinary team planned cesarean delivery under general anesthesia, with 400 mL of fresh frozen plasma given before surgery and a further 400 mL postoperatively. Neither the mother nor the neonate experienced bleeding or thrombotic complications.
What made this case unusual
The deficiency was detected incidentally in pregnancy, despite factor XII deficiency typically causing a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time without spontaneous bleeding and being associated with thrombotic events and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
Factor XII deficiency in pregnancy calls for individualized assessment of bleeding and thrombotic risks; this report describes an uncomplicated cesarean delivery with perioperative fresh frozen plasma.
Why it matters
The authors note that evidence-based pregnancy management guidelines are lacking and emphasize multidisciplinary planning and dynamic risk assessment.