Musculoskeletal Disorders in Surgeons: A Systematic Review on Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Mitigation Strategies.
Austin Stewart, Kristen Brown, Kristina Booth et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review examined the prevalence, risk factors, and mitigation strategies for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among surgeons. Across specialties, reported prevalence exceeded 70-90%. Neck, back, and shoulder pain and generalized fatigue were common, particularly in surgeons performing laparoscopic and robotic procedures. The review identified static posture, repetitive motion, prolonged procedures, operating-room ergonomics, and differences in equipment fit as relevant risk factors. It also described ergonomic and behavioral approaches that may reduce strain or fatigue, while noting that robotic surgery does not eliminate discomfort.
Key findings
- Reported MSD prevalence among surgeons exceeded 70-90% across specialties.
- Common symptoms included neck, back, and shoulder pain and generalized fatigue, particularly with laparoscopic and robotic procedures.
- Static posture, repetitive motion, prolonged procedures, and suboptimal operating-room ergonomics were identified as risk factors.
- Ergonomic training, improved posture and table height, microbreaks, ambidexterity training, and stretching showed promise for reducing strain or fatigue.
Why it matters
The review frames surgeon MSDs as an occupational and system-design concern, not simply an individual problem. Persistent pain and fatigue may affect surgeon well-being and contribute to burnout, early retirement, and workforce shortages. Attention to ergonomics in training and operating-room design may therefore be relevant to sustaining the surgical workforce and health care quality.
What to keep in mind
The abstract does not report the review's search methods, included-study count, or how evidence quality was assessed, limiting appraisal of the strength of its conclusions.