Cavernous venous malformation complicated by a secondary spontaneous arteriovenous fistula of the eyelid.
Nutchaya Sukon, Weerawan Chokthaweesak, Surawan Boonyakarnkul et al.
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Case in brief
A 55-year-old female presented with a chronic, painless, pulsatile mass in the left upper eyelid. Examination revealed a palpable thrill, and imaging indicated a vascular lesion with an arteriovenous fistula. Diagnostic cerebral angiography confirmed a cavernous venous malformation complicated by a secondary AVF. The patient underwent embolization and surgical excision, remaining asymptomatic at one-year follow-up.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
Clinicians should consider diagnostic cerebral angiography for suspected high-flow vascular lesions, as it can reveal complex vascular malformations.
Why it matters
This case underscores the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex orbital vascular lesions to ensure optimal outcomes.