Understanding specificity in immune-brain pathways: A systematic review of differential associations between individual cytokines and brain structure and function measured through magnetic resonance imaging in humans.
Andrea L Cordero, Madeleine R Frazier, Geneva M Jost et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review evaluates the associations between individual cytokines and brain structure and function in humans, focusing on studies involving depressed and healthy participants under 65. The review finds that most studies report unique associations between specific cytokines and brain outcomes, suggesting distinct neuromodulatory roles. Notably, interleukin-6 is associated with the default mode network, while tumor necrosis factor-alpha relates to the salience network.
Key findings
- The majority of studies reported unique associations between individual cytokines and brain outcomes.
- Interleukin-6 levels are preliminarily associated with the default mode network.
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha shows preliminary associations with the salience network.
Why it matters
Understanding the specific associations between cytokines and brain function can enhance insights into the biological underpinnings of psychiatric disorders, potentially guiding future therapeutic strategies.