Pre-Exercise Galactose or Lactose Reduces Glycaemic Excursions During Exercise in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Crossover Trial.
Diabetes Obes MetabJun 9, 2026 (epub)
Karoline R Schmidt, Rakel F Johansen, Simon B Riis et al.
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In 30 seconds
This randomised, double-blind, crossover trial evaluated the effects of pre-exercise galactose and lactose on glycaemic excursions in 14 adults with Type 1 diabetes. Results indicated that both galactose and lactose led to more stable glycaemic responses compared to dextrose, with time in range significantly higher for lactose and galactose (70% and 71% respectively) compared to dextrose (48%).
Key findings
- Time in range was significantly lower for dextrose (48%) compared to lactose (70%) and galactose (71%).
- Time below range was lower for dextrose (0%) compared to placebo (8%).
- Time above range was higher for dextrose (52%) compared to placebo (7%).
- Seven hypoglycaemic events occurred, with none after dextrose.
Why it matters
Understanding the impact of different carbohydrates on glycaemic control during exercise is crucial for managing Type 1 diabetes. These findings suggest that galactose and lactose may offer safer pre-exercise options to maintain stable glucose levels.