Reducing Recidivism After Traumatic Brain Injury: Results From the Re-entry Continuum for Brain Injury (RCBI) Trial.
Arch Phys Med RehabilJun 10, 2026 (epub)
Devan Parrott, Dawn Neumann, Anthony Laffoon
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In 30 seconds
The RCBI trial, a randomized controlled trial, evaluated an intervention for men with traumatic brain injury (TBI) nearing release from prison. The study found that RCBI significantly reduced recidivism rates, with 17% of RCBI participants returning to prison compared to 46% in the treatment as usual group, over a 3-year follow-up period.
Key findings
- RCBI participants had a 17% recidivism rate compared to 46% for TAU participants after 3 years.
- Arrests were reduced to 43% in the RCBI group versus 86% in TAU.
- Criminal charges resulting in incarceration were 42% for RCBI compared to 79% for TAU.
- RCBI participants showed significantly better outcomes in self-efficacy and executive functioning.
Why it matters
This study highlights the potential for targeted interventions to improve outcomes for individuals with TBI in the criminal justice system, addressing a significant public health concern related to recidivism and rehabilitation.