Effects of High-Protein Diets on Renal Function and Body Composition in Adults Without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.
Paulo Ricardo Teixeira Silva, Paula Santos, Patricia Angélica de Miranda Silva Nogueira et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of high-protein diets on renal function and body composition in adults without chronic kidney disease. The analysis included 22 randomized controlled trials. High-protein diets were associated with an increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 0.39, but did not significantly change serum creatinine levels, indicating no consistent evidence of renal injury.
Key findings
- High-protein diets increased eGFR by a standardised mean difference of 0.39.
- No significant change in serum creatinine was observed (standardised mean difference 0.08).
- High-protein diets reduced body fat percentage and total fat mass.
- Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to reliance on creatinine-based estimates.
Why it matters
Understanding the impact of high-protein diets on renal function is crucial for clinicians, especially when considering dietary recommendations for weight management and metabolic control in patients without chronic kidney disease.
What to keep in mind
Most studies were of relatively short duration and relied on creatinine-based estimates of renal function.