Sex-based and gender-based details in accelerated diagnostic protocol implementation among emergency department patients presenting with chest pain: a systematic review.
Nana Owusu M Essel, Hafeez Nathoo, Nicholas Lesyk et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review evaluated the incorporation of sex and gender factors in accelerated diagnostic protocols (ADPs) for chest pain in emergency departments. Analyzing 211 studies, it found that while 95% reported participant sex, only 76% did so appropriately, and fewer than 20% explicitly considered sex or gender in their analyses. No studies provided sex-disaggregated or gender-disaggregated analyses for key outcomes.
Key findings
- 95% of studies reported participant sex, but only 76% did so appropriately.
- Fewer than 20% of studies considered sex or gender in their analyses or ADP applications.
- Gender was reported in only 37% of studies, with 92% of reports being inaccurate.
- No studies presented sex-disaggregated or gender-disaggregated analyses for key ED outcomes.
Why it matters
Understanding the influence of sex and gender on chest pain presentation and outcomes is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy and patient care in emergency settings. This review underscores the need for more inclusive research practices.