Antidiabetic medications and the risk of bladder cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Dong Lei, Jin-H Wu, Xi-H Zeng et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between antidiabetic medications and bladder cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 85 studies were included. The analysis found that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) were associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18), while sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) showed a potential protective effect (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.97).
Key findings
- Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) use was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18).
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) showed a potential protective effect against bladder cancer (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.97).
- No significant association was found between bladder cancer risk and metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin, or DPP-4 inhibitors.
- RCTs for GLP-1 receptor agonists showed no significant effect on bladder cancer risk.
Why it matters
Understanding the relationship between antidiabetic medications and bladder cancer risk is crucial for clinicians managing patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as it informs treatment choices and risk assessments.
What to keep in mind
The evidence primarily comes from observational studies with considerable heterogeneity.