Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies, Diet and Exercise Interventions, and Bariatric Surgery on Fat-Free Mass in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Laura Busk-Cirera, Ida Ørum Carlsen, Lærke Bruun Madsen et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of various weight-loss modalities on fat-free mass (FFM) in adults with overweight or obesity. It included 1334 participants across diet and exercise, incretin-based therapies, and bariatric surgery. The results indicated that diet and exercise interventions resulted in a FFM loss of -1.8 kg, while incretin therapies and bariatric surgery led to losses of -4.8 kg and -9.1 kg, respectively.
Key findings
- Diet and exercise interventions resulted in a pooled FFM loss of -1.8 kg.
- Incretin-based therapies showed a FFM loss of -4.8 kg compared to placebo.
- Bariatric surgery was associated with a FFM loss of -9.1 kg.
- The proportion of total weight loss attributable to FFM was 14.9% for diet and exercise.
Why it matters
Understanding the differential impact of weight-loss strategies on fat-free mass is crucial for clinicians aiming to optimize body composition in patients with obesity. Preserving FFM can enhance metabolic health and improve overall outcomes.