Prevalence of Benzodiazepine, Z-Drug and Melatonin Use in Australian Residential Aged Care Facilities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Australas J AgeingSep 1, 2026
Yuxing Joyce Liu, J Simon Bell, Annie M L Ea et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence of benzodiazepine, Z-drug, and melatonin use in Australian residential aged care facilities, analyzing data from 52 studies involving 658,585 residents. The overall prevalence of benzodiazepines and/or Z-drugs was found to be 33%. Benzodiazepine use was notably higher at 35% compared to Z-drug use at 0.4%.
Key findings
- Overall prevalence of benzodiazepines and/or Z-drugs was 33% (95% CI: 30.4%-34.7%).
- Benzodiazepine prevalence was 35% (95% CI: 32.5%-36.9%), significantly higher than Z-drug prevalence at 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1%-1.1%).
- Prevalence was highest when assessed using prescribing data at 35%.
Why it matters
Understanding the prevalence of these medications in aged care facilities is crucial for clinicians to address potential overuse and ensure that prescribing practices align with evidence-based guidelines and the clinical needs of residents.