Optimizing Expectations Leads to Enhanced Efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Individuals With Low-Baseline Expectations: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Clin PsycholJul 21, 2026 (epub)
Stefan Salzmann, Frank Euteneuer, Christiane A Melzig et al.
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In 30 seconds
This randomized controlled trial investigated the impact of optimizing treatment expectations on the efficacy of a mindfulness intervention in 66 healthy participants. Results indicated that individuals with low baseline expectations in the EXPECT group experienced a significant increase in positive affect compared to the NEUTRAL and CONTROL groups, with a p-value of 0.018 and a Cohen's d of 0.65.
Key findings
- Participants in the EXPECT group showed a stronger reduction in negative affect compared to NEUTRAL and CONTROL groups (p = 0.018, d = 0.65).
- Significant differences in positive affect were observed between EXPECT and NEUTRAL (p = 0.015, d = -0.77).
- Individuals with low baseline expectations reported greater increases in treatment expectations and mindfulness in the EXPECT group.
- High baseline expectation individuals experienced less stress reduction in the EXPECT group compared to the NEUTRAL group.
Why it matters
Understanding the role of treatment expectations can help clinicians tailor interventions more effectively, particularly in enhancing outcomes for patients with low baseline expectations while being cautious with those who have high expectations.