Vertical distribution of accessory canals in different tooth types: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
J DentJul 23, 2026 (epub)
Clinical ResearchGeneral Surgery
Li-An Bai, Ming Zhang, Run-Ze Liu et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the vertical distribution of accessory canals across different tooth types. The study found that 90.0% of accessory canals in molars were located within 2 mm of the apex, compared to 72.4% in anterior teeth. The pooled mean distance from accessory foramen to root apex was 1.472 mm.
Key findings
- 41.5% of accessory canals were located within 0-1 mm from the apex.
- Molars had a significantly higher proportion of canals within 2 mm compared to anterior teeth (90.0% vs. 72.4%).
- 86.4% of apical ramifications were found within 2 mm of the apex.
- The pooled mean distance from accessory foramen to root apex was 1.472 mm.
Why it matters
Understanding the distribution of accessory canals can guide clinicians in determining appropriate root-end resection levels, potentially improving treatment outcomes and preserving tooth structure.
What to keep in mind
All studies included presented moderate to high risk of bias.