AAML1831: A Phase III Trial Comparing Standard Induction Therapy With CPX-351 in De Novo Pediatric AML: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.
J Clin OncolJul 24, 2026 (epub)
Jessica A Pollard, Todd A Alonzo, Robert B Gerbing et al.
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In 30 seconds
The AAML1831 phase III trial assessed the efficacy of CPX-351 versus standard daunorubicin/cytarabine (DA) in children and young adults with newly diagnosed AML. The study found that the two-year event-free survival (EFS) was significantly lower for CPX-351 at 51.2% compared to 62.2% for DA (P = .011), leading to the discontinuation of the CPX-351 arm due to inferior outcomes.
Key findings
- Two-year EFS was 62.2% for DA versus 51.2% for CPX-351 (P = .011).
- For low-risk patients, 2-year DFS was 73.8% for DA compared to 57.5% for CPX-351 (P = .001).
- Cumulative incidence of relapse was higher for CPX-351 at 39.9% versus 23.6% for DA (P = .001).
Why it matters
These findings highlight the importance of treatment selection in pediatric AML, as CPX-351 demonstrated inferior outcomes compared to standard therapy, particularly in low-risk patients. Clinicians must consider these results when designing treatment plans.