Incidence and risk factors of refeeding syndrome in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Clin NutrJul 21, 2026 (epub)
Haohao Xie, Tian Hao, Wenxiu Niu et al.
✦ AI-curated · Sources linked
In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the incidence and risk factors of refeeding syndrome (RFS) in critically ill patients, analyzing data from 49 studies with 24,778 participants. The pooled incidence of RFS was found to be 35% (95% CI: 27%-44%). The study emphasizes the need for early risk assessment and tailored nutritional strategies.
Key findings
- The pooled incidence of refeeding syndrome was 35% (95% CI: 27%-44%).
- Nineteen significant risk factors for RFS were identified, including older age and greater disease severity.
- Higher caloric and protein intake were associated with increased risk of RFS.
- Initiation of feeding within 48 hours of ICU admission was linked to RFS.
Why it matters
Understanding the incidence and risk factors of refeeding syndrome is crucial for clinicians managing critically ill patients, as timely recognition and individualized nutritional strategies can prevent serious complications associated with nutritional support.