Prevalence and risk factors of red blood cell alloimmunization among sickle cell disease patients in resource-limited countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In 30 seconds

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence and risk factors of red blood cell alloimmunization among sickle cell disease patients in low- and lower-middle-income countries. The analysis included 27 studies with 3128 transfused patients, revealing a pooled alloimmunization prevalence of 8.76% (95% CI: 6.71-11.37%).

Key findings

• The pooled prevalence of RBC alloimmunization was 8.76% (95% CI: 6.71-11.37%).
• Higher alloimmunization rates were noted in West and North Africa, especially in Cô̂te d'Ivoire, Egypt, and Nigeria.
• The most common antibodies identified were from the Rh blood group system (n=153).
• Lower alloimmunization rates were reported in Asia and East Africa.

Why it matters

Understanding the prevalence of alloimmunization in sickle cell disease patients is crucial for improving transfusion practices and patient outcomes in resource-limited settings, where transfusion remains a primary treatment.