Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Relapsed/Refractory Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL): A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Constantin Klenner, Josef Singer
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Case in brief
A patient with relapsed/refractory anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) achieved sustained complete remission following treatment with a PD-1 inhibitor after multiple prior therapies. A literature review revealed three additional cases where patients also attained complete remission and remained progression-free for observation periods between 4 to 33 months. Adverse events were manageable and aligned with known immune-related toxicities.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
This case highlights the potential efficacy of PD-1 blockade in relapsed/refractory ALCL, suggesting that immune checkpoint inhibitors may be a viable treatment option in this rare malignancy.
Why it matters
The findings emphasize the need for further prospective studies to confirm the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in larger cohorts of patients with ALCL.