AINAR trial: A randomized controlled trial to assess the usefulness of artificial intelligence-based game to conquer needle fear in blood donors.
Radheshyam Meher, Gopal K Patidar
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In 30 seconds
This single-centre, parallel-group randomized controlled trial at AIIMS, New Delhi, assessed whether an artificial intelligence-based game played during needle insertion and removal could reduce needle fear and immediate vasovagal reactions (VVR) in whole blood donors. Among 3000 randomized donors, VVR occurred in 1.8% of controls and 1.13% of the AINAR group (relative risk 0.63); this reduction was not statistically significant. Donor-reported needle fear decreased in both groups, with a greater reduction in the AINAR group. Higher pre-donation and persistent post-donation fear were associated with VVR.
Key findings
- VVR incidence was 1.8% with control and 1.13% with AINAR (relative risk 0.63), a reduction that was not statistically significant.
- Needle fear decreased after donation in both groups, with a greater reduction in the AINAR group.
- Moderate-to-severe pre-donation fear was associated with VVR (5.6 vs. 1.3%, P<0.001).
- Persistent post-donation fear was associated with VVR (aOR 9.19, 95% CI 3.19-26.48); prior VVR was also independently associated (aOR 4.65, 95% CI 1.15-18.82).
Why it matters
Needle fear is relevant to donor experience and may identify donors at higher risk of VVR. This trial suggests an AI-based game can reduce reported fear, but it did not establish a statistically significant reduction in immediate VVR. The distinction between improving a reported experience and preventing a clinical reaction is important when interpreting behavioural interventions.
What to keep in mind
The trial was conducted at a single centre. The reduction in VVR did not reach statistical significance, and the authors state that larger multicentre studies are needed.