Immunogenicity up to age 5 years following a single-dose or two-dose infant primary series of 10-valent or 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine each followed by a booster dose in South Africa: extended follow-up of a single-centre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.
Daniel J Kapelus, Courtney P Olwagen, Alane Izu et al.
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In 30 seconds
This study evaluated the long-term immunogenicity of single-dose (1+1) versus two-dose (2+1) schedules of 10-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in South African infants. Conducted as a single-centre, open-label, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial, the results showed that PCV13 1+1 schedules maintained non-inferior serotype-specific immunity up to age 5 years, while PCV10 1+1 schedules did not meet non-inferiority criteria by age 4 years.
Key findings
- PCV13 1+1 schedules remained non-inferior to PCV13 2+1 schedules up to age 5 years.
- PCV10 1+1 schedules met non-inferiority at 3 years but failed at 4 and 5 years.
- PCV13 outperformed PCV10 across most serotypes in 1+1 groups.
- A total of 986 blood samples were collected across three annual visits.
Why it matters
Understanding the long-term immunogenicity of different pneumococcal vaccination schedules is crucial for optimizing vaccination strategies, particularly in regions with established PCV programs. This research informs potential transitions to reduced dosing schedules.