GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Musculoskeletal Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.
DrugsSep 12, 2026 (epub)
Charlotte Beaudart, Yveline Malréchauffé, Sophie van Heden et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on musculoskeletal health outcomes in 1,250,717 individuals across 60 studies. The analysis found no significant effects on bone or joint outcomes, but a notable decrease in lean body mass/fat-free mass was observed (SMD 0.52, 95% CI -0.8; -0.23).
Key findings
- No significant effects on bone mineral density or fracture rates were observed.
- A significant decrease in lean body mass/fat-free mass was noted (SMD 0.52, 95% CI -0.8; -0.23).
- Subgroup analyses indicated that liraglutide and semaglutide primarily drove the decrease in lean body mass.
- No significant changes were found in WOMAC pain, physical function, or stiffness.
Why it matters
Understanding the musculoskeletal effects of GLP-1 RAs is crucial for clinicians managing patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity, as these medications are widely prescribed and may influence overall health and physical function.