Oral peri-implant tissue as a neoplastic bed: a systematic review of clinicopathology, pathogenesis, and survival outcomes.
Revathi Krishna, Sourendra Nath Basu, Manu S et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review assessed the clinicopathology, associated factors, and survival outcomes of histologically confirmed neoplasms adjacent to dental implants. It included 56 case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies involving 187 patients. Malignant epithelial neoplasms made up 92.3% of lesions, most commonly oral squamous cell carcinoma, and 54% of cases had been misdiagnosed as peri-implantitis. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated mean survival at 64.1 months (95% CI: 46.8-81.4); outcomes were poorer for sarcoma and metastasis.
Key findings
- Malignant epithelial neoplasms accounted for 92.3% of lesions, with oral squamous cell carcinoma predominating.
- Clinical misdiagnosis as peri-implantitis occurred in 54% of cases.
- Mean survival was 64.1 months (95% CI: 46.8-81.4); outcomes were poorer for sarcoma and metastasis.
- Prior OPMD or malignancy, radiographic bone loss, and treatment modality were associated with recurrence or death.
Why it matters
Neoplasms adjacent to implants can resemble peri-implantitis, creating a risk of delayed recognition. The review highlights the importance of considering neoplasia in persistent or non-healing peri-implant lesions and shows that reported outcomes vary by tumour type and associated factors. These findings help frame diagnostic vigilance while reflecting evidence drawn largely from reported cases and small observational studies.
What to keep in mind
The evidence comprised case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies, limiting the strength of conclusions about risk factors and outcomes.