Histologically Confirmed Brain Metastasis Arising From Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: an Uncommon Entity and a Challenging Condition.
Arthur Claessens, Sophie Martin, Victoire Thiebaut et al.
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Case in brief
A 39-year-old patient with no significant medical history had a giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) in the left distal femur, treated with preoperative denosumab and resection with prosthetic reconstruction. Fifteen months later, tremors and a partial seizure led to detection of a right parietal brain lesion. Histology confirmed metastatic GCTB. The lesion was surgically excised, with subsequent brain MRI monitoring and no adjuvant radiotherapy. The patient is currently in clinical and radiological remission.
What made this case unusual
The brain metastasis represents the third reported case of GCTB involving the central nervous system; GCTB metastases occur mainly in the lungs.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
In a patient with GCTB who develops new neurological symptoms, consider metastatic disease and confirm the diagnosis histologically when a brain lesion is excised.
Why it matters
This case supports prolonged follow-up and individualized multidisciplinary care, but the reported cases do not establish a basis for routine brain imaging or a standard follow-up strategy.