Circulating Piwi-Interacting RNAs Associate With Childhood Asthma ICS Response With Vitamin D Effect Modification.
Clin Exp AllergyApr 20, 2026 (epub)
Jiang Li, Xiaoning Hong, Mengshi Chi et al.
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In 30 seconds
This randomized controlled trial investigated the association of circulating piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) response in 492 children with asthma. The study found that 14 piRNAs were significantly linked to changes in FEV1% among vitamin D-insufficient children, with piR-36241 showing strong predictive performance for ICS response (AUROC = 0.84).
Key findings
- Fourteen piRNAs were significantly associated with FEV1% changes in vitamin D-insufficient children.
- Six piRNAs showed significant interactions with vitamin D status (p < 0.05).
- piR-36241 demonstrated strong predictive performance for ICS response (AUROC = 0.84).
- Four piRNAs were replicated in the GACRS study.
Why it matters
Understanding the role of piRNAs in ICS response could enhance personalized treatment strategies for childhood asthma, particularly for those with vitamin D insufficiency. This may lead to improved management and outcomes in this population.