Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus chloroquine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria with concurrent or delayed high-dose primaquine in Brazil (Curavivax): an open-label, single-centre, randomised clinical trial.
Djane C Baía-da-Silva, Kim Vinícius AmaralC Machado, Amanda Lia RebêloC Rabelo et al.
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In 30 seconds
This open-label, single-centre, randomised trial evaluated dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus chloroquine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in Brazil. Among 419 patients, the day 42 recurrence rate was 2.0% for chloroquine plus primaquine and 1.0% for dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus primaquine, with no significant difference (p=0.44). However, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine alone showed a significantly lower recurrence rate compared to chloroquine alone (27.3%, p<0.0001).
Key findings
- Day 42 recurrence rate was 2.0% for chloroquine plus primaquine and 1.0% for dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus primaquine (p=0.44).
- Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine alone had a recurrence rate of 2.4%, significantly lower than chloroquine alone at 27.3% (p<0.0001).
- All treatment regimens were well tolerated among participants.
Why it matters
The study highlights the potential of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine as an effective alternative to chloroquine for treating P vivax malaria, particularly in regions facing challenges with primaquine adherence and recurrence rates.