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Important medical research and remarkable case reports worth knowing.

Selected from high-relevance medical literature published in the last 14 days.

AllClinical ResearchCase Reports
FeaturedClinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Initial HIV Therapy for Adults and Treatment-Associated Weight Gain: The Opti-DOR Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMAOct 20, 2026Open access

The Opti-DOR open-label, noninferiority randomized trial compared two initial antiretroviral regimens in 600 ART-naive adults at two South African sites; 99.5% of participants were Black African.

Why it matters

Weight gain after ART initiation may add to cardiometabolic risk. This trial found less median weight gain with the doravirine-based regimen while maintaining noninferior viral suppression at 48 weeks.

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Also worth knowing

Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Long-Acting HIV Therapy in African Adults with Adherence Challenges.

This phase 3b, open-label, randomized trial compared long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine with daily oral dolutegravir-based therapy in adults in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda who had suppressed HIV-1…

N Engl J MedOct 15, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatricsOpen access

Daily Zinc Supplementation for Infection Prevention in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia: The ZIPS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

The ZIPS-2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated daily zinc for infection prevention in children aged 1 to 4.99 years with sickle cell anemia in Uganda.

JAMAOct 13, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Dynamics of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Results in a Large TB Preventive Treatment Trial Across 3 High-Burden HIV/TB Countries.

This longitudinal analysis of a randomized trial assessed serial QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) results in people with HIV enrolled in Ethiopia, Mozambique, and South Africa and assigned to three TB preventive…

J Infect DisOct 15, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Serum Virus-Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Clinical Trial Participants With and Without Immunocompromise Receiving Pemivibart, a Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibody for COVID-19.

This analysis of phase 3 CANOPY and phase 1 trial data examined measured and calculated serum virus-neutralizing antibody titers after pemivibart in participants with and without significant immunocompromise.

J Infect DisOct 15, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchGastroenterology

Safety, Tolerability and Antiviral Activity of GST-HG131 in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Randomized, Double-Blind Phase IIa Study.

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase IIa trial assessed oral GST-HG131 in 45 adults with chronic hepatitis B receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue monotherapy.

Liver IntOct 14, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

The dual burden of disease: Depression among patients with multidrug resistance tuberculosis in low-income and lower- middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis estimated depression prevalence and examined associated factors among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in low- and lower-middle-income…

PLoS OneOct 13, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Prevalence and genotype distribution of norovirus and rotavirus among children under five with diarrheal infection in lower-middle-income countries after Rotavirus vaccine introduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed norovirus and rotavirus prevalence and genotype distribution among children under five with diarrheal infection in low- and middle-income countries after rotavirus…

PLoS OneOct 13, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchGastroenterology

Global Underutilization of Antiviral Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 78 Studies and 68,243 Patients.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed antiviral use and its association with survival and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence in adults with HBV-related HCC.

J Viral HepatOct 15, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

The impact of prophylactic azithromycin on the developing preterm gut microbiome and resistome.

This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial examined the effects of 10 days of prophylactic intravenous azithromycin on the gut microbiome and resistome of 693 preterm infants born before 30…

Gut MicrobesOct 15, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Evaluation of the Achievement of a Pharmacodynamic Target of Piperacillin-Tazobactam for the Population With Obesity: An Open Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study (TAZO-OBESITY Trial).

The open-label randomized feasibility trial TAZO-OBESITY compared standard with prolonged piperacillin-tazobactam infusions in patients with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²).

Fundam Clin PharmacolOct 23, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Safety and immunogenicity of the 24-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy Chinese adults: two single-center, randomized, double-blind Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials.

Two single-center, randomized, double-blind Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a 24-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV24) in healthy Chinese adults aged 18 years or older.

Expert Rev VaccinesOct 22, 2026Read summary

Showing 12 of 40 publications that cleared our clinical screen in the last 14 days.

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