Increasing plant protein sources in the diet modulates gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism in men at cardiometabolic risk.
Gaïa Lépine, Anne-Marie Davila, Gwendal Cueff et al.
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In 30 seconds
This randomized controlled trial examined the impact of a flexitarian diet high in plant protein on gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism in 19 men with cardiometabolic risk. Participants followed two 4-week isoenergetic diets: a flexitarian diet (64% plant protein) and a control diet (36% plant protein). The flexitarian diet led to increased fecal xanthurenic acid and decreased genetic potential for indole production, indicating a shift in tryptophan metabolism.
Key findings
- FLEX diet reduced taxa associated with animal-based diets, such as Alistipes putredinis.
- FLEX increased fecal xanthurenic acid compared to the control diet.
- FLEX decreased the genetic potential for indole production.
- Changes in microbial composition suggest a shift toward kynurenine and indole propionic acid-related tryptophan pathways.
Why it matters
Understanding how dietary changes influence gut microbiota and metabolism can inform dietary recommendations for individuals at cardiometabolic risk, potentially improving health outcomes through dietary interventions.