Pediatric Neuroinflammatory and Neuropsychiatric Syndromes Associated with Dupilumab Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis.
Laurits Mathiesen, Jonathan D Santoro, Nathanael J Lee et al.
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Case in brief
Four children treated with dupilumab for atopic dermatitis developed neuroinflammatory syndromes characterized by behavioral changes, language impairment, and neurodiagnostic abnormalities within 2-6 months of starting treatment. Three patients showed improvement after discontinuing the drug and receiving immunomodulatory therapy, while one child with pre-existing X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy required stem cell transplantation.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
Clinicians should be vigilant for neuroinflammatory symptoms in pediatric patients receiving dupilumab, particularly those with underlying neurological conditions.
Why it matters
This case highlights the potential neuropsychiatric side effects of dupilumab, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring in pediatric patients.