Successful Multimodal Management of Acanthamoeba-Associated Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Child: Clinical Analysis With Structured Review of Published Pediatric Cases.
Ali Yayla, İbrahim Sertdemir, Özgür Kurt et al.
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Case in brief
A 4-year-old immunocompetent child presented with intractable seizures and intermittent fever. Initial treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics was ineffective. Surgical excision of lesions led to the identification of Acanthamoeba-like organisms through microscopy and PCR. Following prolonged combination antimicrobial therapy, including miltefosine, the patient achieved sustained clinical and radiological recovery over a 3-year follow-up period.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
Acanthamoeba-associated granulomatous amebic encephalitis should be considered in immunocompetent children with unexplained multifocal intracranial lesions, especially when routine investigations fail to provide a diagnosis.
Why it matters
This case highlights the importance of early surgical tissue sampling and targeted therapy in improving outcomes for pediatric patients with this rare condition.