Bridging the vaccine gap: Scientific and technological advances for diseases lacking effective vaccines.

In 30 seconds

This systematic review examines advances in vaccine development for over 20 major pathogens lacking effective vaccines, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It identifies six transformative technology clusters, including mRNA platforms and viral-vectored vaccines, that are bridging the vaccine gap. The review highlights the potential for clinical translation in diseases like HIV-1 and tuberculosis.

Key findings

• Six transformative technology clusters were identified, including mRNA platforms and viral-vectored vaccines.
• Advancements in AI-driven protein engineering and cryo-electron microscopy are enhancing antigen design.
• Clinical translation is exemplified by vaccine candidates against HIV-1, tuberculosis, and malaria.
• Equitable access frameworks and regulatory harmonisation in LMICs are critical unresolved challenges.

Why it matters

Understanding the latest scientific and technological advances in vaccine development is crucial for addressing health inequities and improving global pandemic preparedness, especially in resource-limited settings.