Investigation of the Resistome of non- Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter Species.
Lucie Bénéjat, Elodie Sifré, Astrid Ducournau et al.
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Case in brief
Microbiological analyses were performed on three reported human infections with non–Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH). Because these organisms are difficult to culture, diagnosis relies heavily on histology. 16S rRNA sequencing identified two Helicobacter suis strains and one Helicobacter heilmannii sensu stricto strain. Sequencing of 23S rRNA and the gyrA quinolone resistance-determining region found no mutations classically associated with macrolide or levofloxacin resistance. Several commercial H. pylori assays cross-reacted with the NHPH strains.
What made this case unusual
Commercial assays intended for H. pylori cross-reacted with these NHPH strains, while molecular testing identified the species and found no mutations in the examined resistance-associated regions.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
Histology-based diagnosis of NHPH infection should be followed by molecular confirmation in a specialized laboratory to identify the species and investigate resistance markers.