Outer membrane vesicles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis: a systematic review of virulence dissemination, immune modulation, and antimicrobial resistance, with perspectives for veterinary and one health practice.
Alfi Sophian
✦ AI-curated · Sources linked
In 30 seconds
This systematic review examines the role of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis, focusing on their virulence, immune modulation, and antimicrobial resistance. The review includes 58 studies, primarily in vitro and murine models, highlighting that OMVs carry virulence factors and beta-lactamases that confer antibiotic resistance. OMVs enhance biofilm formation and immune evasion, particularly in cystic fibrosis environments.
Key findings
- P. aeruginosa OMVs carry virulence factors like ExoS, ExoU, and beta-lactamases.
- OMV-packaged beta-lactamases can degrade beta-lactam antibiotics, promoting resistance.
- OMVs drive biofilm maturation and suppress innate immunity in cystic fibrosis airways.
- OMV output increases under antibiotic pressure and during quorum-sensing activation.
Why it matters
Understanding the mechanisms by which P. aeruginosa utilizes OMVs for virulence and resistance can inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This knowledge is crucial for managing infections in vulnerable populations, such as those with cystic fibrosis or immunocompromised conditions.