Effects of semaglutide and empagliflozin on markers of endothelial function in persons with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
J Diabetes ComplicationsAug 29, 2026 (epub)
Søren Gullaksen, Liv Vernstrøm, Steffen Skovgaard Sørensen et al.
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In 30 seconds
This post-hoc analysis of a 32-week randomized trial evaluated the effects of semaglutide and empagliflozin on endothelial function markers in 120 participants with type 2 diabetes. Semaglutide increased the reactive hyperaemic index (RHI) from baseline (0.11, 95%CI [0.008;0.21], p=0.03) and significantly decreased E-Selectin levels compared to placebo (-9, 95%CI [-14.1;-5.1] p<0.01).
Key findings
- RHI increased from baseline in the semaglutide group (0.11, 95%CI [0.008;0.21], p=0.03).
- E-Selectin decreased significantly in the semaglutide group compared to placebo (-9, 95%CI [-14.1;-5.1] p<0.01).
- VCAM-1 levels increased in the semaglutide and combination groups compared to placebo (12.3, 95%CI[2.8;20.8] p=0.01).
- No significant effects on P-Selectin and ICAM-1 were observed in any group (p≥0.11 and p≥0.09, respectively).
Why it matters
Understanding the effects of diabetes medications on endothelial function is crucial, as improved endothelial health may reduce cardiovascular risks associated with type 2 diabetes. This study provides insights into how semaglutide may influence these markers.