Global prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
LupusSep 9, 2026 (epub)
Sandeep Samethadka Nayak, Shahriar Ghodous, Narsimha Rao Keetha et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The overall pooled prevalence of MetS was estimated at 27% (95% CI: 24-30). The study identified significant associations between MetS and factors such as age, BMI, and cholesterol levels, as well as medication use.
Key findings
- The overall pooled prevalence of MetS in SLE patients was 27% (95% CI: 24-30).
- Hydroxychloroquine use was associated with a reduced risk of MetS (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.83).
- Older age, higher BMI, and elevated cholesterol levels were linked to MetS in SLE patients.
- The highest prevalence of MetS was observed in Africa at 36% (95% CI: 30-41).
Why it matters
Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in SLE patients is crucial for clinicians to implement effective monitoring and management strategies, ultimately reducing cardiovascular risks in this vulnerable population.