Next-Generation Bed Nets to Control Malaria in Côte d'Ivoire.
Colette Sih, Serge B Assi, Edouard Dangbenon et al.
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In 30 seconds
This cluster-randomized clinical trial compared pyrethroid-only long-lasting insecticidal nets with piperonyl butoxide-pyrethroid (PBO-py) and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid (CFP-py) nets in villages in Côte d'Ivoire. The primary outcome was malaria incidence over 12 months among children aged 6 months to 9 years. Mean incidence was 1.11 cases per child-year with pyrethroid-only nets, 0.84 with PBO-py nets, and 0.65 with CFP-py nets. Compared with control nets, incidence rate ratios were 0.72 for PBO-py and 0.57 for CFP-py.
Key findings
- Mean malaria incidence was 1.11 cases per child-year with pyrethroid-only nets, 0.84 with PBO-py nets, and 0.65 with CFP-py nets.
- PBO-py versus pyrethroid-only nets had an incidence rate ratio of 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.99; P=0.045).
- CFP-py versus pyrethroid-only nets had an incidence rate ratio of 0.57 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.75; P<0.001).
Why it matters
In this trial, both next-generation net types were associated with lower malaria incidence in children than pyrethroid-only nets, with the larger reduction observed for CFP-py nets. These findings provide comparative evidence from West Africa, where the abstract notes that nets treated with multiple insecticides have been insufficiently evaluated.
What to keep in mind
The primary outcome covered only the year following net distribution and children aged 6 months to 9 years in clusters in Côte d'Ivoire; the abstract does not report outcomes beyond this population or period.