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434 articles
September 202624
Beyond the pill count: unmasking the pharmacokinetic drivers of recurrent tuberculosis.
A young adult female with recurrent sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis presented with worsening breathlessness, productive cough, and intermittent fever.
Patient-reported symptom monitoring in patients with lung cancer (SYMPRO-Lung trial): long-term, post-hoc survival results of a multicentre, stepped-wedged, cluster-randomised clinical trial.
The SYMPRO-Lung trial, a multicentre, stepped-wedged, cluster-randomised clinical trial, evaluated the impact of patient-reported outcome (PRO) symptom monitoring on survival in 446 patients with stage I-IV lung cancer.
Activin pathway inhibition and rapid progression of malignancy in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A case series and hypothesis.
The report describes malignancies occurring in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) treated with sotatercept, an activin-pathway inhibitor.
Mobile cone-beam computed tomography combined with electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary nodules.
This prospective, single-centre trial assessed the diagnostic performance of mobile cone-beam computed tomography (mCBCT) combined with electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) for peripheral pulmonary nodules…
Efficacy of Biologics in Patients with Moderate to Very Severe COPD: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of biologics in patients with moderate to very severe COPD, focusing on randomized controlled trials.
Concordant transcriptomics analysis of the lungs and blood after exposure to diesel exhaust: A randomized, controlled human exposure study.
This randomized controlled trial examined the transcriptomic response of blood and airway epithelium to diesel exhaust exposure in 32 participants.
Tofacitinib reduces KL-6 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease. Results of a phase II investigator-initiated study.
This phase II investigator-initiated clinical trial evaluated safety and outcomes with tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease over 48 weeks.
Primary pulmonary salivary gland-type tumors in cytopathology practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of cytologic diagnoses of primary pulmonary salivary gland-type tumors (PSGTs) in 106 patients across 49 studies.
Comorbidities in clinical cohorts of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence and impact of comorbidities in 606,398 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
Normal age-related decline in forced vital capacity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined age-related changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) among over 365,000 adults without lung disease.
Robotic left lower lobectomy for Stage IB adenocarcinoma with critical exercise capacity.
This video tutorial demonstrates a robotic-assisted left lower lobectomy in a 71-year-old female with critical exercise capacity. Preoperative evaluation revealed a 32 mm cavitated tumour in the left lower lobe.
Multidisciplinary Collaborative Treatment of Mediastinal Castleman Disease: A Case Report.
A 28-year-old man presented with cough and hemoptysis, leading to the discovery of a mediastinal mass via chest CT. A bronchoscopy-guided biopsy indicated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.
Daridorexant in severe obstructive sleep apnea: effects on sleep-disordered breathing and sleep.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial evaluated the effects of daridorexant on sleep-disordered breathing and sleep in 16 adults with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without insomnia.
Global prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), analyzing data from 102 studies involving 34,013 adults across 28…
Estimation of mortality hazard ratios by COPD grade using a systematic review and network meta-analysis: deriving grade-, sex-, and age-specific mortality for a German COPD decision model.
This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated mortality hazard ratios (HRs) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) grades in a German population.
Osimertinib With or Without Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR and Concurrent TP53 Mutations: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
This phase 3 randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of osimertinib combined with chemotherapy versus osimertinib alone in 294 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring…
Massive haemoptysis in a patient with right pulmonary artery atresia with contralateral pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm: a therapeutic dilemma in collateral-dependent pulmonary circulation.
A woman in her 30s presented with recurrent massive haemoptysis and chronic respiratory symptoms, including fever, cough, and breathlessness. Previous anti-tubercular therapy was ineffective.
Acute controlled wood smoke exposure induces sensory airway irritation without detectable changes in small airway mechanics in healthy adults: A randomized crossover study.
This randomized crossover study examined the acute effects of controlled wood smoke exposure on airway function in 14 healthy adults.
Effects of Progressive Inspiratory Muscle Training on Lung Volume and Respiratory Strength in Patients With Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of progressive inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on lung volume and respiratory strength in 30 patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Effects of Adding Incentive Spirometry to Hospital-Based Cardiovascular Rehabilitation on Pulmonary Complications, Hospital Length of Stay, and Clinical-Functional Recovery After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of adding incentive spirometry to cardiac rehabilitation on postoperative outcomes in 46 patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Metoprolol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease without Cardiovascular Disease.
This multicenter, open-label, phase 4 randomized trial evaluated the effects of metoprolol in 1695 patients aged 40 and older with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and no cardiovascular disease.
Tuberculosis presenting as dual immune dysregulation: Evans syndrome and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
A middle-aged man with no prior health issues presented with a month-long history of fever, dry cough, weight loss, and worsening breathlessness.
Indwelling pleural catheter enabling safe air travel in malignant pleural effusion with pneumothorax ex vacuo.
A man with pleural mesothelioma developed a large left hydropneumothorax after drainage of malignant pleural effusion. An indwelling pleural catheter was placed, allowing for management of symptoms and the risk of air…
Endobronchial tuberculosis revealing extensive multiorgan dissemination in a severely malnourished immunocompetent adult.
A woman in her mid-30s presented with a 3-month history of dry cough, significant weight loss, and anorexia. She was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage and endobronchial biopsy…
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